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Contains As Normal Subgroup Or Equal To Symbol

⊵ denotes “contains as a normal subgroup or is equal to” in group-theory style notation.

U+22B5

⊵ is a mathematical symbol used in group theory. It expresses a relation between groups involving a normal subgroup. You can copy it directly or use the provided codepoint and escapes in software.

Contains As Normal Subgroup Or Equal To Symbol Meaning

⊵ (Unicode name: “CONTAINS AS NORMAL SUBGROUP OR EQUAL TO”, code point U+22B5) is a relation symbol commonly used in group theory. Informally, it means that one group contains another as a normal subgroup, allowing the case where the two groups are equal. In notation, this helps distinguish “normal subgroup” containment from ordinary containment. When you write mathematical statements or derive results, ⊵ signals the precise structural relationship and is often used alongside other subgroup or equality symbols to clarify the intended algebraic condition.

Common uses

  • Writing group theory statements about normal subgroups
  • Indicating that a group contains another as a normal subgroup (including equality)
  • Formatting lecture notes, proofs, and textbooks in math notation
  • Labeling relationships in diagrams or equations involving subgroups
  • Typing consistent Unicode math symbols in documents and wikis

Examples

⊵ Contains as normal subgroup or equal to

  • Let H ⊵ G.
  • If N ⊵ G, then N is a normal subgroup of G.
  • We have K ⊵ H in this quotient construction.
  • The chain satisfies A ⊵ B ⊵ C.
  • Since N ⊵ G, the normal subgroup condition holds.

Variations

Ready to copy

Technical codes

UnicodeU+22B5
HTML Entity⊵
HTML Code⊵
CSS\22B5

FAQ

What does ⊵ mean in group theory?

⊵ means “contains as normal subgroup or equal to,” i.e., one group contains the other as a normal subgroup, allowing the two groups to be equal.

Where does ⊵ come from in Unicode?

It is Unicode code point U+22B5 with the Unicode name “CONTAINS AS NORMAL SUBGROUP OR EQUAL TO.”

How can I copy ⊵ into my document?

Copy the character directly (⊵). You can also paste the HTML entity ⊵ or use the escapes like \\22B5 or \\u{22B5} in code.

Is ⊵ the same as ⊆ or ⊇?

No. ⊆ and ⊇ are subset/superset symbols. ⊵ specifically indicates containment as a normal subgroup (or equality) in group-theory style notation.