N-ary Product Symbol
∏ denotes an n-ary product, commonly used to represent multiplication over several terms.
U+220F
The symbol ∏ is the Unicode character named “N-ARY PRODUCT” (U+220F). It’s used in mathematics to express the product of a list or range of terms. You can copy it directly or use its HTML, CSS, and JavaScript escapes.
N-ary Product Symbol Meaning
The character ∏ (Unicode name: “N-ARY PRODUCT”, code point U+220F) represents a product over multiple terms. In math notation, it’s often used like an “extended multiplication sign,” similar in role to the summation symbol Σ for addition. Depending on the context, it may indicate multiplying terms indexed by a variable (for example, across an index range). In everyday use, people also use ∏ as a compact visual shorthand for “multiply all” in formulas, scientific writing, or typed equations. When writing digitally, you can rely on the provided HTML entity and programming escapes to render it consistently.
Common uses
- •Writing formulas for the product of a sequence of terms
- •Denoting multiplication over an index range in math notes
- •Expressing factored forms compactly in technical writing
- •Displaying “multiply all” logic in documentation and tutorials
- •Creating mathematical UI labels or symbols for products
Examples
∏ — n-ary product symbol
- ∏∏_{i=1}^n a_i
- ∏Result = ∏_{k=0}^{m} (1 + r_k)
- ∏∏ x_i over the chosen subset
- ∏Likelihood = ∏_{j=1}^{N} p(y_j)
- ∏Total product ∏_{t} w_t
Variations
Ready to copy
Technical codes
| Unicode | U+220F | |
| HTML Entity | ∏ | |
| HTML Code | ∏ | |
| CSS | \220F | |
| Alt Code | Alt + 8719 | |
| Decimal | 8719 |
How to type N-ary Product Symbol (∏)
On Windows
Hold Alt and type 8719 on the numeric keypad. In Word, type 220F then press Alt + X.
On Mac
Switch to the Unicode Hex Input keyboard, then hold Option and type 220F. Or press Control + Command + Space and search.
On Linux
Press Control + Shift + U, type 220f, then press Enter or Space.
Anywhere
Copy ∏ with the button above and paste it wherever you need it — this works on every device and in every app, with no keyboard shortcut to remember.
FAQ
What does ∏ mean?
∏ is the n-ary product symbol. It typically denotes the product of many terms in a compact mathematical expression.
Is ∏ the same as the multiplication sign ×?
No. × is a binary multiplication operator, while ∏ (U+220F) indicates a product over an index or set of terms.
How do I copy ∏ into HTML or code?
Use the HTML entity ∏ (or the CSS escape \\220F and JavaScript escape \\u{220F}).
Does ∏ work everywhere?
Most modern fonts support it, but rendering can vary. If it doesn’t display, use the provided escapes or a fallback math-capable font.